University of Campinas Geosciences Institute

 

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Os editores
Campinas, janeiro de 2018.

 

The Jubilee
An account of 25 years of academic activities of the Institute of Geosciences, University of Campinas


Roberto Perez Xavier 
Associated Director
Institute of Geosciences – UNICAMP
Archimedes Perez Filho
Director


Institute of Geosciences – UNICAMP
The Institute of Geosciences (IGe) was officially established on September 21st, 1979, and is therefore one of the youngest academic units at the University of Campinas (UNICAMP). Under the coordination of Professor Amilcar Oscar Herrera, IGe’s first Director, the mission of the Institute was to develop and pursue academic and research excellence in different areas of geosciences relevant to Brazil then and into the future.

Professor Amilcar Herrera (1920-1995)
Founder of the Institute of Geosciences in 1979. He was its first Coordinator (1979-1985) and its first Director (1985-1989). The University Council of UNICAMP awarded Prof. Herrera with the title of Emeritus Professor in 1992.


In this context, metallogeny, mineral resource management and policy and geosciences education were the priority areas identified due to their innovative nature and nationwide importance, particularly in the early 1980’s. The main aim of the area of metallogeny was to analyze mineral provinces in order to develop models for the formation and discovery of mineral deposits. The area of mineral resource management and policy, on the other hand, would focus on studies related to the use of mineral resources, water and energy resources, and their political, legal, economic and environmental aspects. Interdisciplinary studies among geosciences, education and history that promote the diffusion of geological knowledge, with major emphasis on topics such as the History of Geosciences, teaching methodologies in geosciences and communication and non-formal teaching methods in geosciences were among the main goals of the area of geoscience education.

Research groups nucleated around these areas, which ultimately developed into departments within the IGe: the Department of Mineral Resource Management and Policy (1983), the Department of Metallogeny and Geochemistry (1985), and the Department of Geoscience Education (1997).

Following the success of its multidisciplinary approach in the early 1980’s, the IGe also decided to broaden its scope by stimulating the development of a nationwide research initiative named Science and Technology Policy. As a consequence, a research group composed of professionals from diverse fields of science, including Economics, Engineering, Sociology, Philosophy, and Geology was incorporated by the IGe and formed the core of the Department of Science and Technology Policy, which was established in 1985. This area had as its main goals the research, management and assessment of policies in the field of scientific and technological development with implications of economic and social impacts. Specific topics researched by this group included history and theories of science and technology, science and technology in the development process, social actors and strategies for science and technology, technological changes, social transformations and the environment and management in science, technology and innovation, amongst others.

In the mid-1980’s, already with active research-oriented groups and supported by adequate analytical and computer facilities, teaching at the IGe was initiated by offering graduate courses leading to M.Sc. and doctorate degrees. The graduate program began in 1983, with an emphasis on mineral resource management and policy, expanding in 1985 into metallogeny and again, around 10 years later in 1996, with a Geosciences Applied Education program. In the late 1980’s, a Science and Technology Policy graduate program was also initiated, starting with a M.Sc. in 1988 and adding a doctorate level program in 1995.

An important addition to the IGe’s graduate program occurred in 1990 when the IGe began to participate in a petroleum-oriented course, with an emphasis on Reservoir Engineering. This took place in partnership with the Petroleum Engineering course of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, both coordinated by the Center for Petroleum Studies (CEPETRO).

Thus, in the 1980’s and a great part of the 1990’s, spanning nearly 20 years, endeavors launched by the IGe were centered particularly on the consolidation of the departments, graduate programs, research groups and analytical, computer, as well as and library infra-structure. The latter was gradually strengthened by means of research project applications that successfully leveraged funds from governmental organizations, such as FAPESP, CNPq, CAPES, FINEP, PADCT, and from private and state companies (CVRD, CPRM-Brazilian Geological Survey, PETROBRÁS, etc.).

A major benchmark that resulted in further institutional development and consolidation took place in 1998 when the IGe began offering an undergraduate course in Earth Sciences, with two streams, Geology and Geography. These long-awaited courses stemmed from a reflection of Brazil’s economic developments, particularly with important investments in natural resource-oriented projects and a growing demand for Earth Sciences professionals. In this context, the new Earth Sciences undergraduate course has implemented an innovative curriculum in which the students attend common fundamental courses that support both Geology and Geography for the first three semesters, after which they choose to specialize in either of these fields.

The establishment of an undergraduate course in Earth Sciences promoted gradual but significant structural changes to the IGe including: (1) the addition of a Department of Geography in 2002; (2) an increase in the number of faculty (from 35 in 1997 to 47 in 2005) which consequently contributed to the generation of new lines of research; (3) broadening and strengthening of the analytical and computer infrastructure, with 11 laboratories; (4) and expansion of the library to meet the needs of the growing number of students.

The beginning of the century also was marked by other important breakthroughs for the IGe.

Based on 20 years of experience, the graduate programs hosted by the IGe, along with their research lines, were restructured in order to fulfill the demand of a new reality. The major scopes of the Geosciences Program broadered, with research lines being developed in the area of Geology and Natural Resources, and three new graduate programs were opened, the Program on Petroleum Science and Engineering (2001), in partnership with the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, in Geography (2002), and in Teaching and History of Earth Sciences (2003).

Currently, in 2005, the IGe has 483 undergraduate and 276 graduate students. Since the inception of the graduate program in 1983, the IGe has produced 457 masters dissertations and 85 doctoral theses.

The past 25 years of history have enabled the IGe to reach an enviable level of maturity and excellence. It is now well prepared and ready to face the new challenges that will come in the next 25 years.

Acknowledgments

The manuscript has been improved in the light of comments made on previous versions by Alvaro Penteado Crósta, Celso Dal Ré Carneiro, Silvia Fernanda de Mendonça Figuerôa and Kevin Telmer.

 

 

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